An Overview of Hydroelectric Power Plant: Operation, Modeling, and Control

Renewable energy provides twenty percent of electricity generation worldwide. Hydroelectric power is the cheapest way to generate electricity today. It is a renewable source of energy and provides almost one-fifth of electricity in the world. Also, it generates electricity using a renewable natural resource and accounting for six percent of worldwide energy supply or about fifteen percent of the world’s electricity. Hydropower is produced in more than 150 countries. Hydropower plant producers provide energy due to moving or falling water. This paper presents and discusses studies on hydroelectric power plant fields, which have been carried out by different investigators. This work aims to study and provide an overview of hydroelectric power plants such as applications, control, operation, modeling and environmental impacts. Also, the hybrid power and efficiency of the hydroelectric power plants has been investigated. The applications of a flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controller in the power system with the hydroelectric power plants are presented.